1054 – Siward, Earl of Northumbria, invades Scotland and routs Macbeth, King of Scotland north of the Firth of Forth.

1549 – The ship carrying Jesuit priest Francis Xavier reaches Japan, in the church’s quest to proselytise Christianity.

1789 – Thomas Jefferson is made head of the new US Department of Foreign Affairs, later named the State Department.

1866 – The first permanent transatlantic telegraph cable is laid from Valentia Island, Ireland, to Heart’s Content, Newfoundland. Thus representing a milestone which will characterise the global communications revolution over the next century and a half and manifesting the axiom, ‘Science annihilates Distance’.

1865 – Welsh settlers arrive at Chubut in Argentina. In the 19th and early 20th century the Argentine government encouraged emigration from Europe to populate the country outside Buenos Aires.

1919 – The Chicago Race Riot erupts after a racial incident takes place on a South Side beach, causing 38 deaths and 537 injuries over five-days.

1940 – The animated short ‘A Wild Hare’ is released by Warner Brothers, introducing the character of Bugs Bunny, who will go on to receive international acclaim.

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